Canadian Social Research Links

Prince Edward Island

Sites de recherche sociale au Canada

Île-du-Prince-Édouard

Updated January 21, 2012
Page révisée le 21 janvier 2012


[ Go to Canadian Social Research Links Home Page ]


Jump directly further down on the page you're now reading:

* Key Welfare Links in PEI (scroll down to the grey box below, right column)
* Latest PEI Budget
- April 6, 2012
* Poverty reduction in PEI
* Non-governmental sites in PEI



Minimum Wage:

Current and Forthcoming Minimum Hourly Wage Rates for Adult Workers in Canada
- federal govt. site --- the best resource for info on current and upcoming minimum wage levels
Source :
Minimum Wage Database


 


NEW

The name of the Department responsible for welfare in PEI has been changed to
Community Services and Seniors:
http://www.gov.pe.ca/sss/index.php3

NEW

Hotlinks
The links below will take you directly to the following
PEI government and non-governmental web pages:

Government Home Page

Government Guide - (departments, agencies, publications)
Executive Council
Environment, Labour and Justice
Finance, Energy and Municipal Affairs
PEI Advisory Council on the Status of Women
Community Services and Seniors
Health and Wellness
Office of the Legislative Counsel (Statutes and Regulations)
Auditor-General
Education and Early Childhood Development
Human Rights Commission

Government Telephone and E-mail Directory
Government of PEI News Releases

Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency
Atlantic Institute for Market Studies
University of Prince Edward Island

 

 


Prince Edward Island
Provincial Election Resources

Prince Edward Island will go to the polls on Monday, October 3, 2011
Source:
Election Almanac
- complete coverage of federal, provincial and territorial elections in Canada including election results, public opinion polls, ridings and candidates, election news, electoral history, links, and more

- Go to the Political Parties and Elections Links in Canada (Provinces and Territories) page: http://www.canadiansocialresearch.net/politics_prov_terr.htm

 

 

Key welfare links

Department responsible for welfare
Community Services and SeniorsNEW

Name of the welfare program
Social Assistance
(formerly Welfare Assistance)

Legislation

Social Assistance Act (PDF file - 488K, 10 pages)
- General Regulations (PDF file - 552K, 25 pages)
Source:
Statutes and Regulations of Prince Edward Island

Policy Manual

Social Assistance Policy Manual

Welfare statistics
Number of People on Welfare,
March 1995 to March 2005
(PDF file - 133K, 1 page)
Source: National Council of Welfare

Welfare rates (benefits)
See sections 5 & 6 of the
Social Assistance Policy Manual

(Basic and Special Need Items)

Latest search results on Google.ca for
"welfare, -child, -animal, Prince Edward Island"
- Web search results
- News search results
- Blog search results

Related Links

* Preventing and Reducing Poverty in PEI - A strategy for engagement - July 2011
* 2007-2008 Social Services and Seniors Annual Report (PDF - 967K, 37 pages)
Published May 12, 2009
[ earlier annual reports and other departmental publications ]



For more information about welfare in other Canadian jurisdictions,
see the
Canadian Social Research Links Key Provincial/Territorial Welfare Links page


Government Home Page

Government Guide - links to departments, agencies, publications 
Government Telephone and E-mail Directory

Government of PEI News Releases- What's New, Releases by Dept. 

Keyword Search - bottom left-hand corner of any page 

Statutes - Listed alphabetically and by Department 


Prince Edward Island is the latest
province to commit to a poverty reduction strategy.

From the Throne Speech (November 12, 2010):
(...) in the New Year, my government will release a Poverty Reduction discussion paper that will begin the process, in consultation with Islanders, of examining further options to improve the well -being of Islanders who are vulnerable are in need. (...) On April 1, 2011, my government will end the so-called ‘clawback’ of the National Child Benefit from our families on Social Assistance.

Related links:

Province seeks feedback on poverty reduction discussion paper
News Release
July 18, 2011
[ Version française du communiqué ]
Islanders are being asked to help shape a strategy to prevent and reduce poverty in Prince Edward Island, says Community Services, Seniors and Labour Minister Janice Sherry. The provincial government released a detailed paper today with information on trends, impacts and programs, as well as questions for the public to consider when providing input on how to reduce poverty in Prince Edward Island.
tion Plan to reduce poverty, in 2012.

Source:
Preventing and Reducing Poverty in PEI - A strategy for engagement
[
PEI Community Services, Seniors and Labour ]

Click the link below for ALL poverty reduction resources from PEI and other Canadian jurisdictions.

Poverty Reduction on Prince Edward Island
NOTE: this link takes you to the PEI section of the
Anti-poverty Strategies and Campaigns page of this site:
http://www.canadiansocialresearch.net/antipoverty.htm

Since May 2010, ALL links to content concerning poverty reduction strategies and campaigns have been moved to the above page from the individual provincial/territorial pages, including government and NGO links.

 

Community Services and Seniors
The Department of Community Services. Seniors and Labour contributes to the well-being of individuals, families and communities by working collaboratively to promote the development of healthy, self-reliant individuals as well as supporting and protecting vulnerable members in the Island community.

Community Services and Seniors is
the Department responsible for welfare in PEI.

See the grey box above for key welfare links.

For more information about welfare in other Canadian jurisdictions,
see the
Canadian Social Research Links Key Provincial/Territorial Welfare Links page

------------------------------------------------

From CBC Prince Edward Island:

'Bread and butter' for children on welfare
October 29, 2009
P.E.I.'s social assistance rates are not meeting basic needs and the government needs to index payments with the cost of living, says a group studying how women manage on low incomes. Until June of this year, social assistance payments on P.E.I. were unchanged for 10 years. In June, the food rate went up by 10 per cent. The shelter rate increased by five per cent. The Women's Network of P.E.I., which conducted the study, said women cannot get by on occasional raises every decade.

Social assistance rates under constant review
October 30, 2009
Payments made to people on social assistance are reviewed annually, says the P.E.I. government, and it is looking at new ways to index those rates. A recent study by the Women's Network of P.E.I. suggested indexing rates to the consumer price index. It noted that rates went unchanged for a decade before an increase in June. Bob Creed, director of social programs for the province, said a couple of provinces do tie some of their social assistance rates to the consumer price index, but that wouldn't always be beneficial.

Prince Edward Island bumps up welfare allowances
August 27, 2009
Islanders on social assistance started getting more money to buy groceries and pay the rent earlier this summer, but the number of clients at the local food bank continues to rise.
Source:
CBC News

Source:
CBC Prince Edward Island

------------------------------------------------

2006-2007 Social Services and Seniors Annual Report (PDF - 935K, 24 pages)
2005-06 Annual Report Social Services and Seniors
(PDF - 575K, 23 pages)
2003/04 Ministry of Health and Social Services Annual Report
(PDF file - 1.5MB, 73 pages)
2003/04 Ministry of Health & Social Services Program Profile
(PDF file - 2.5MB, 86 pages)

------------------------------------------------

 

Governments of Canada and Prince Edward Island sign an Agreement on Early Learning and Child Care
News Release
November 24, 2005— Social Development Minister Ken Dryden and Chester Gillan, Prince Edward Island’s Minister of Social Services and Seniors, announced today an historic Agreement in Principle that further supports the development of quality early learning and child care (ELCC) for young children and their families in Prince Edward Island.
Source:
Human Resources and Social Development Canada

Related Links:

Healthy Child Development - from PEI Health and Social Services

Google Web Search Results : "Prince Edward Island, early learning and child care agreement"
Google News search Results : "Prince Edward Island, early learning and child care agreement"
Source:
Google.ca

Related Links:
- Go to the Government Early Learning and Child Care Links page: http://www.canadiansocialresearch.net/ecd.htm


Province increases assistance to families with prescription drug costs
Health and Social Services

May 1, 2001

CHARLOTTETOWN, PEI -- Effective May 1st, enhancements will be made to the provincial Family Health Benefit program which assists lower income families with the cost of prescription drugs.

Annual Report, Department of Health and Social Services, 2001-2002
(PDF file, 3.1MB, 115 pages)
- See Appendix B for specific information about the Welfare Assistance program and related statistics
Annual Report, Department of Health and Social Services, 1999-2000
PDF file, 260K, 69 pages 

- See the "Divisional Reports" section for information on Child, Family and Community Services programs 

- See Appendix B for specific information about the Welfare Assistance program and related statistics 

...the lowest caseload figure in nine years, (...) the sixth straight year in which expenditures have been reduced..."

Successful Reorganization of Provincial Pharmacy Programs Improves Service to Clients
October 12, 2000 

More than 11,000 provincial pharmacy clients can now obtain their prescriptions at their local pharmacy following the successful reorganization of two major provincial pharmacy programs.

Increased Social Assistance Rates Will Help Families With The Cost Of Transportation And Children's Activities
[Higher welfare rates retroactive to April 2000 + new Healthy Child Allowance]
Press Release 

Health and Social Services 

September 27, 2000 

Province Increases Food and School Allowances for Social Assistance Clients
Effective January 2000 

December 22, 1999 

Prince Edward Island participates in National Children's Agenda

May 10, 1999 

Province Introduces New Programs for Children and Families

June 1998

Health and Social Services budget will increase by $14.6 million in 1999-2000
(including establishment of the new PEI Family Health Benefit to assist lower income families with the cost of prescription drugs and the Seniors Drug Program) 

Press Release, April 7, 1999


Canada and Prince Edward Island Sign an Agreement to Assist People With Disabilities
News Release
April 7, 2004
"CHARLOTTETOWN- Islanders with disabilities will be able to more easily participate in the labour market due to a new agreement signed today by the Honourable Liza Frulla, Minister of Social Development, and the Honourable Chester Gillan, Prince Edward Island Minister of Health and Social Services. 'Canada must take full advantage of the talents and abilities of all of its citizens,' said Minister Frulla. 'This agreement is designed to help Canadians with disabilities overcome the obstacles they face in entering the labour market and ensure that they are able to participate fully in our economy and society. I am so pleased to work with my provincial counterpart on this national priority.'”
- includes a backgrounder with related info
Source:
Human Resources and Social Development Canada

This agreement was signed under the Multilateral Framework for Labour Market Agreements for Persons with Disabilities, which replaced the Employability Assistance for People with Disabilities initiative in April 2004.
For more info about the national framework and the agreements signed with other jurisdictions to date, go to the Disability Links page: http://www.canadiansocialresearch.net/disbkmrk.htm



Supports for People with Disabilities

The Social Programs division provides supports and services to people with disabilities in Prince Edward Island to help them enjoy a good quality of life. The division also partners with many community organizations across the province that extend services in the areas of transportation, housing, job training and recreation.

Disability Support Program
The Disability Support Program (DSP) is the first program in Canada to distinguish disability-specific support from income support. The purpose of DSP is to assist with personal planning and to help meet the needs related to an individual's disability. These supports are needs-based, and they are not intended to provide income. See The Disability Support Program Policy Manual


Healthy Child Development
- includes links to:
Healthy Child Development Strategy
Partnerships for Children
Premier's Council on Healthy Child Development
Healthy Child Development Links
Children's Secretariat
Healthy Child Development Publications
Related PEI Children's Initiatives
Champions for Children Annual Awards
Contact Us

NOTE: for similar (early childhood) programs elsewhere in Canada, go to the Canadian Social Research Links Early Learning and Child Care page.

Finance and Municipal Affairs


Prince Edward Island Budget 2011
April 6, 2012
- main budget page, includes links to all supplementary papers and supporting documents

Budget Address
HTML version
PDF version
(3MB)
April 6, 2011
Excerpt:
(...)
Adequate and affordable housing also contributes to family well-being and healthy child development. Across PEI, nine Family Housing Boards maintain and operate 476 housing units serving low-income families. Additional funding of $300,000 will be provided to the Housing Boards to maintain these units in good condition.
The Social Assistance Program assists eligible clients with their costs of shelter based on type of accommodation and family size. Effective June 1, 2010, the Social Assistance Shelter rate will increase by 2 percent, representing a $270,600 investment for the current fiscal year.
In addition to these supports for shelter and housing, this Budget also takes action to meet other essential needs. Last June, the Social Assistance Food Allowance rate was increased by 10 percent. In this fiscal year, a further $83,000 will be provided to cover the annualized cost of this increase for social assistance clients, taking our annual support for this increase to a total of $500,000.

Highlights (PDF - 134K)

Budget 2011 supports health, education and a return to balance
News Release
April 6, 2011
[ Version française du communiqué ]
The new provincial budget will continue the progress being made by Islanders to build a stronger society and a more competitive economy, says Finance and Municipal Affairs Minister Wes Sheridan. “Budget 2011 is an appropriate budget for the times,” said the Minister. “Its primary focus is to keep expenditure increases lower than revenue increases so we can return to fiscal balance by our target date of 2013-2014. At the same time, it contains modest increases to support the major gains being made to strengthen and sustain our health and education systems.”

Source:
Department of Finance and Municipal Affairs

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TD Bank Financial Group
Analysis of the Budget:

Delicate Balancing Act for the PEI Government (PDF - 437K, 3 pages)
Finance Minister Wesley Sheridan tabled a budget document that consisted of some new measures, saving targets and modest sin tax hikes. Given the improved economic performance taking hold, budgetary revenues are expected to grow by 5.0% year-over-year in FY 11-12. By contrast, total spending is poised to inch down by 0.5% in this same fiscal year.

Source:
2011 Federal, Provincial and Territorial Budgets
[ TD Bank Financial Group ]

----------------------------------------

Selected media coverage:

From CBC News:

P.E.I. deficit misses target
April 6, 2011
P.E.I. Finance Minister Wes Sheridan projected a $42 million deficit for the province Wednesday, $2 million more than he estimated it would be at budget time last year. The budget contained nothing in the way of major announcements. Expenditures are expected to go up $19 million, about 1.25 per cent. The largest increases are in education and health. Both budgets are up about three per cent, but the new money is mostly consumed by increases in salary.


NOTE: On this page, you'll find information about the latest provincial budget only.

To avoid unnecessary duplication of budget links on multiple pages, I've moved links to all earlier budgets over to the pages below, organized by fiscal year. The pages below include links to media analysis and selected critique from NGOs on the budgets, and the amount of coverage varies across jurisdictions and over the years.

Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2010
Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2009
Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2008

Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2007
Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2006
Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2005
Go to Canadian Government Budgets 2004

PEI Advisory Council
on the Status of Women

The PEI Advisory Council on the Status of Women was established to advise the Minister Responsible with respect to matters relating to the status of women, the development of public awareness regarding issues affecting women, and the promotion of change in attitudes within the community in order that women may enjoy an equality of opportunity.

PEI Equality Report Card (PDF - 403K, 20 pages)
June 2009
During the 2007 election, the PEI Advisory Council on the Status of Women introduced its plan for an Equality Report Card for PEI, and in June 2008, we published the first, pilot report. The Equality Report Card is a process to assess our Province’s progress towards women’s equality goals.
(...)
We urge the government to consult and collaborate with community-based organizations to develop a Poverty Reduction Strategy like those in other provinces. We see the three priority areas below as key elements of Poverty Reduction:
* Improvements to the Employment Standards Act * Investment in affordable, accessible, appropriate housing (incl. housing for seniors and persons with disabilities * Increase direct allowances to social services recipients to
cover all of their basic needs.
(...)
There has been no action towards the promised Poverty Reduction Strategy to consider how we are doing across the province and across departments to assist people who live in poverty. There is no political will to name the problem of poverty and to provide poverty reduction initiatives. The full-time position in government that is meant to be dedicated to Poverty Reduction has been vacant for over a year.

Source:
PEI Advisory Council
on the Status of Women

[ Related Press Release : Government Earns a C on 2009 Equality Report Card - June 16, 2009 ]


Other Prince Edward Island Sites - Autres sites de l'Î.-P.-É.

Young parents squeezed for time and money, report finds
A University of British Columbia study found that it's much more expensive to raise a family than it was a generation ago.
October 18, 2011
By Andrea Gordon
Canadian parents are raising children with far less money and time than their baby boomer predecessors, despite the doubling of the Canadian economy since 1976, says a report from the University of British Columbia. At the same time, Canadians approaching retirement are wealthier than ever before, setting up an intergenerational tension that threatens young families, according to the study, released Tuesday.
Source:
Toronto Star

The report:

Does Canada work for all generations?
By Paul Kershaw and Lynell Anderson
October 18, 2011

National Summary (PDF - 814K, 4 pages) / (Version française - format PDF)
Fact Sheet

Excerpt from
the national summary report:
Canada is not currently working for all generations. There is a silent generational crisis occurring in homes across the country, one we neglect because Canadians are stuck in stale debates. My colleagues and I hope the 2011 Family Policy Reports for all provinces will refocus public dialogue on one of the most pressing social and economic issues of our time: Canada has become a far more difficult place to raise a family.

---

Provincial Family Policy Reports:
NOTE: The provincial files below are in
PDF format; each file is just under 2MB and 22 pages in length.

* Alberta
* British Columbia
* Manitoba
* Newfoundland and Labrador
* New Brunswick
* Nova Scotia
* Ontario

* Prince Edward Island

* Quebec
* Saskatchewan

Related resources:

* New Deal for Families blog
* YouTube video "New Deal for Families"

Source:
Human Early Learning Partnership
The Human Early Learning Partnership (HELP) is a collaborative, interdisciplinary research network, based at the University of British Columbia. HELP’s unique partnership brings together many scientific viewpoints to address complex early child development (ECD) issues. HELP connects researchers and practitioners from communities and institutions across B.C., Canada, and internationally.
[ University of British Columbia ]

From the
National Council of Welfare:

Welfare Incomes 2010
September 2011
The Welfare Incomes report reflects the estimated incomes (in constant and current dollars) for 2010 of four typical welfare households in each province and territory:
- a single employable person
- a single person with a disability
- a lone parent with a 2-year-old child
- a two-parent family with two children aged 10 and 15
Click the link above, then move your cursor over each province or territory to view welfare incomes by household type for 2010 .
Click on a province or territory to see a chart of welfare incomes over time for that jurisdiction. This feature requires Macromedia Flash; if you don't have Flash or if you've disabled it, click the link below the map of Canada to access the same information in HTML.

Adequacy of Welfare Incomes
Compare welfare benefit levels for all jurisdictions and all household categories for all years from 1986 (1989 for a person with a disability) to 2010 using any one of five measures of adequacy: After-tax average income - After-tax LICO - After-tax median income - Before-tax LICO - Market basket measure (MBM).

Earlier editions of Welfare Incomes (annual)

Source:
National Council of Welfare
[ Conseil national du bien-être social ]
Since the Government Organization Act of 1969, the National Council of Welfare serves as advisory group to the federal Minister responsible for the welfare of Canadians - in 2010, that's the Hon. Diane Finley, Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada - regarding "any matter relating to social development that the Minister may refer to the Council for its consideration or that the Council considers appropriate."

Poverty costs PEI over $240 million a year
News Release
January 26, 2011
It is estimated that the total cost of poverty in Prince Edward Island is at minimum between $240 and $320 million per year, which corresponds to about $1,720 and $2,265 per person, per year. These costs are calculated in The Cost of Poverty in PEI, published by the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives-Nova Scotia (CCPA-NS), in partnership with Poverty Bites and the MacKillop Centre for Social Justice.

The report:

The Cost of Poverty in Prince Edward Island (PDF - 361K, 7 pages)
"(...) The average poverty rate for unattached individuals in PEI is similar to the Atlantic Canadian average, and higher than the national average. When you look at a breakdown of unattached individuals low income rates, one group stands out – using the Market Basket Measure (MBM), in PEI 29% of unattached men and women over 65 are living in low income, compared to 5% Canada wide, and 14% for Atlantic Canada (see Figure 3 in the report)."

Source:
Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives-Nova Scotia (CCPA-NS)
[ CCPA National Office ]

Welfare Incomes 2009 (PDF - 6.2MB, 117 pages)
December 2010
As the National Council of Welfare has done since 1986, in Welfare Incomes 2009 we look at the situation of four family types in each province and territory: a lone parent with a 2-year-old child, a couple with two children aged 10 and 15, a single person considered employable and a single person with a disability.
[ News Release - December 13, 2010 ]
Source:
National Council of Welfare
The National Council of Welfare is an advisory group to the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada (HRSDC). Its mandate is to advise the Minister regarding any matter relating to social development that the Minister may refer to the Council for its consideration or that the Council considers appropriate.

For links to more Welfare Incomes 2009 resources (media coverage, interactive Welfare Incomes 2009 map, customized charts, earlier editions, etc.),
jump directly to
the Welfare rates section of the Key Welfare Links page of this website:
http://www.canadiansocialresearch.net/welfare.htm#rates

 

Prince Edward Island
Provincial Election Resources

Prince Edward Island will go to the polls on Monday, October 3, 2011
Source:
Election Almanac
- complete coverage of federal, provincial and territorial elections in Canada including election results, public opinion polls, ridings and candidates, election news, electoral history, links, and more

- Go to the Political Parties and Elections Links in Canada (Provinces and Territories) page:
http://www.canadiansocialresearch.net/politics_prov_terr.htm

Stop clawback of child benefits, P.E.I. urged
November 12, 2009
The P.E.I. government needs to stop clawing back the National Child Benefit from families on social assistance, the National Council of Welfare says. The council, an arms-length advisory group for the federal minister of human resources, notes P.E.I. is now in a minority among the provinces in clawing back the federal benefit. On the Island the money counts as income and is deducted from what a family receives from the province. (...) The National Council of Welfare was joined in its call by the P.E.I. Advisory Council on the Status of Women. In June, the Advisory Council produced a report card looking at the provincial government's progress on certain issues, including the clawback of the National Child Benefit.
Source:
CBC PEI

---

11,000 Atlantic millionaires and 77,000 households
mired in debt: Rich-poor gap grows as region loses wealth

September 2008
Press Release
A new report entitled Financial Security and Debt in Atlantic Canada examines trends in household wealth since the 1980s—in Canada as a whole and in the Atlantic region. In particular, it looks at trends in wealth distribution, including Atlantic Canada’s share of national wealth and in the portion of wealth owned by the top, middle and lower wealth groups.

Financial Security and Debt in Atlantic Canada
September 2008
By Kimberley Tran and Ronald Colman
Complete report (PDF - 7.1MB, 136 pages)

Source:
GPI Atlantic
GPIAtlantic is an independent, non-profit research and education organization committed to the development of the Genuine Progress Index (GPI) – a new measure of sustainability, wellbeing and quality of life.

Related link:

Poverty issue still percolating
Editorial
September 8, 2008
The latest report from GPI Atlantic on poverty in the region reaches back 21?2 millennia to quote Aristotle’s observation that “revolutions arise from inequalities.” That’s followed with a more contemporary reference to 2005 riots in France, “a poignant reminder of the potential consequences of marginalizing the poorest households.”
Source:
The Cape Breton Post


2007 Prince Edward Islanders Provincial Election
May 28, 2007
Prince Edward Islanders are heading to the polls on Monday, deciding whether to hand Pat Binns' Progressive Conservatives a historic fourth term of office or give Robert Ghiz's Liberals a shot at government.
Source:
CBC News

Google Search Results Links - always current results!
Using the following search terms (without the quote marks):
"Prince Edward Island Provincial Election 2007 "
Web search results page
News search results page
Blog Search Results page
Source:
Google.ca

Council of Atlantic Premiers
This web site provides information on:
* the Council of Atlantic Premiers (CAP),
* the Council of Maritime Premiers (CMP), and
* the Conference of New England Governors and Eastern Canadian Premiers (NEG/ECP)
The website also provides convenient online access to Council publications, employee contact information, and to regional agencies and organizations as well as providing information on Working Together for Atlantic Canada: An Action Plan for Regional Co-operation (PDF- 492k, November 8, 2001).

Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA) 
ACOA  is a federal government agency headquartered in the Atlantic Region. ACOA's goal is to improve the economy of Atlantic Canadian communities through the successful development of business and job opportunities.
Five year report to Parliament, 1998-2003 - ACOA (PDF file - 1.7MB, 86 pages)


Another Look at Welfare Reform

Autumn 1997
- an in-depth analysis by the National Council of Welfare of changes in Canadian welfare programs in the 1990s.
The report focuses on the provincial and territorial reforms that preceded the repeal of the Canada Assistance Plan and those that followed the implementation of the Canada Health and Social Transfer. 

Complete report online (PDF - 6.75MB, 134 pages)
- large file, but well worth the wait for detailed information on welfare reforms in the 1990s in each Canadian jurisdiction, as well as a national overview of the broad issues of welfare reform and the setting for welfare reform in Canada
Source :

National Council of Welfare

---

Version française:
Un autre regard sur la réforme du bien-être social
Source:
Conseil national du bien-être social

Atlantic Institute for Market Studies (includes many reports and studies on CPP, transfer payments, UI reforms, pensions, the fishery, etc.)
University of Prince Edward Island

 
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